Mathematical description of the effect of internal inductance of the supply source on the intrinsic safety of the load

The intemal inductance of the supply source appears in the form of defined self-contained elements, for example winding of separating transformers, coil of anti-interference filters and the like. In somecases the negative influence of these inductive elements on the intrinsic safety of the output circuit can be compensated or even used to increase the intrinsic safety of the external circuit of supply source, particularly by applying non-linear protective systems that guarantee the intrinsic safety, on account of their higher coefficient of electric energy transfer, as compared to the linear protective systems. The paper presents mathematical models for estimation of the effect of internal inductance of the supply source on intrinsic safety of the output circuit, when applying protective systems with non-linear fold-back type current-voltage characteristics, for various impedances of the load. The analytic expres-sions obtained for estimation of electric energy generated in a channel of electrical discharge, as a result of the effect of the supply source, its internal inductance and load parameters, enable, by using computer assistance, to determine a priori the level of intrinsic safety of the electric circuit, as well as to carry out an analysis of this circuit intrinsic safety sensitivity, depending on the changes of electrical parameters of individual parameters. It has been found that the effect of internal inductance of the supply source depends on the input impedance of the protected circuit, as well as on the nature of emergency commutation, short-circuit or break in this circuit. With the capacitive character of load at the moment of short-circuit occurrence at the output of the supply source, the presence of the internal inductance of the supply source mitigates its effect, by reducing the rate of rise and the value of electric energy liberated in the point of short-circuit, at the same time modifying the effects of of the delay of the protective system activation. With the load of RL type at the moment of circuit breaking occurrence, at the output of the supply source, about 20% of magnetic energy accumulated in the internal inductance of the supply source is being liberated into the electrical discharge channel, whereas with the of protective system operating, causing short-circuiting of the output clamps of the supply source at the moment of emergency commutation, this value can be omitted. In the real conditions there is a delay in activation of the protective system sińce the moment of emergency commutation occurrence that should be taken into consideration when simulating t the time change of the protcctive system resistance, or when computing apprropriate integrals.